The last pharaoh of Egypt was the great Cleopatra VII. The extent of her political intelligence and seriousness in ruling Egypt successfully is evident as she is the woman who ruled Egypt for nearly 300 years. She may be the most famous woman ruler throughout history and the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Dynasty.

Who is Cleopatra VII?

Queen Cleopatra, The last pharaoh of Egypt, was born in 69 BC, the daughter of King Ptolemy XII, Oletis, and when he died in 51 BC, the throne was passed to his youngest son, Ptolemy XIII, and his daughter Cleopatra VII. It was known that Cleopatra, who was 18 years old, was about eight years older than her brother, so she became the dominant ruler of Egypt.

History tells us that Cleopatra XII, The last pharaoh of Egypt, was one of the great queens of Egypt, regardless of the disputes about her relationship with the policies of the Roman Empire. For example, she was the only one among the Ptolemaic family who took it upon herself to learn the Egyptian language at that time, and she imitated the goddess Isis and claimed that she embodied her life on earth. She even called herself “the new Isis,” which reflects her political intelligence and seriousness in ruling Egypt successfully.

Who was the last pharaoh of Egypt

How was the last pharaoh of Egypt, Cleopatra VII?

Queen Cleopatra had a strong personality, intelligence and cunning, strategic thinking and cunning, a strong will, and a love for glory. She won the hearts of two of the greatest men of that time: Julius Caesar and Marcus Antonius. She cared greatly about her beauty, and many stories describe her as an enchanting beauty.

There are many monuments of Queen Cleopatra VII, including statues and depictions on coins, which confirm her true appearance and features, as the Hellenistic (Greek) features of Queen Cleopatra appear in terms of light skin, a drawn-in nose, and thin lips.

How did Cleopatra, the last pharaoh of Egypt, rule the country?

Eighteen-year-old Cleopatra and her brother Ptolemy XIII began their reign when her father, Ptolemy XII, died in 51 BC, and despite the possibility of a relationship of holy marriage between the two brothers in Ptolemy tradition, her brother Ptolemy XIII expelled her from Alexandria in 49 BC at the urging of his advisers, when she fled to Syria, where she formed an army of mercenaries to regain the stolen throne.

Cleopatra was a talented queen. She spoke several languages, led armies at the age of twenty-one, and was educated in Alexandria, the beacon of knowledge in her time. She worked to restore the glories of her ruling family and was able to spread stability and peace in the country during her reign and combat corruption.

It was also witnessed by her opening grain stores for her people during the period of famines and raising taxes on them. Egypt was then a prosperous country under the rule of a queen whose gender the people did not see as a flaw, so their only concern was her good management of the country.

Cleopatra VII

A fierce struggle for the Crown of Egypt!

King Ptolemy XIII was under the influence of his advisers, who drove Cleopatra out of Alexandria to gain power, so she took refuge in eastern Egypt and was able to recruit an army of nomads to regain her position upon arriving at Belouseum (now Port Said), where her brother’s army was standing, the ship of the Roman commander Pompeius arrived following his defeat in the Battle of Pharsalus (48 BC). The king’s guardians arranged for his death and presented his head to the victorious commander Julius Caesar, who arrived in Alexandria on October 2, 48 BC.

Cleopatra VII, The last pharaoh of Egypt, succeeded in penetrating her opponents after her brother Ptolemy XIII tried to approach Caesar, finding her an opportunity to declare his complete loyalty, and worked his best to flatter him, and in doing so, hoping to gain the support of the Romans in Egypt alone. However, it became clear to Ptolemy that he had made a mistake in his calculations. Caesar summoned both Ptolemy and Cleopatra to Alexandria and declared his support for the monarchy. During this time, the people of Alexandria had another queen on their minds.

In November 48 BC, with Caesar and Cleopatra confined to the royal palace, the Alexandrian people declared the younger royal sister, Arsinoe IV, queen of Egypt. Cleopatra and Julius Caesar spent a long winter locked up in Alexandria’s palace. It was not until March 47 BC that Roman reinforcements came, in which Julius and Cleopatra became political and loving Allies. At Caesar’s liberation, Ptolemy XIII escaped and drowned in the Nile, while Arseno IV, the queen who reigned and lived for a short period, was captured and taken to Rome.

Cleopatra VII, a widow, was restored to her throne with full Roman support, married her 11-year-old brother Ptolemy XIV, and in June 47 BC, Cleopatra gave birth to a son named Ptolemy Caesar (known as Caesarean) after his father. Caesar, originally married to a Roman wife, could not recognize his Egyptian son officially. Before his death, however, he sought to pass legislation in Rome that would give him the right to marry a second woman and give legal legitimacy to a child born in foreign lands.

Ptolemy XIV died, although it is uncertain whether it was an accident or a plan – and with no other male heir, three-year-old Caesarea became Ptolemy XV, and Cleopatra took the reins of power. Then Cleopatra ruled with her son, Ptolemy Caesar, until 30 BC, as this coincided with Egypt falling under Roman control after the defeat of the joint forces of Cleopatra and Antony against the Roman armies of Octavian.

Cleopatra.

Cleopatra committed suicide by snake bite!

At dawn one day in mid-August 30 BC, One of Queen Cleopatra’s servants provided a cobra as a means of suicide after she heard of the defeat of her husband, the Roman leader Mark Antonius, in the war. The poisonous cobra snake remained a symbol of royalty in the Ptolemaic era, surmounting the heads of kings. It was two snakes, if we may believe what the Roman poets Virgil, Horace, and Propertius said, and some historians have mentioned that the left royal shoulder was the one that received the first fatal sting.

Cleopatra VII committed suicide in this state of despair by placing a poisonous serpent on her arm or chest – according to accounts – and the new invader, Octavian Caesar, hoped that the queen who ruled Egypt would march in his victory procession in Rome. Still, he soon saw her body and headed to organize the government, so he announced his annexation of Egypt to the people’s authority. Romanian and his announcement came in a very short sentence containing five words at most.