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Saint Mark’s Coptic Orthodox Cathedral in Alexandria
Saint Mark’s Coptic Orthodox Cathedral in Alexandria is one of the most important Christian landmarks in Egypt and the historic seat of the Coptic Orthodox Pope. Considered the oldest church in Egypt and Africa, it blends profound religious heritage with cultural significance for visitors to Alexandria.
In this guide, you’ll discover its location, founding by Saint Mark, the cathedral’s history through the centuries, the modern structure, and practical visiting information—plus FAQs at the end.
Saint Mark’s Cathedral—historic seat of the Coptic Orthodox Pope in Alexandria
The cathedral stands in the city of Alexandria—the “Bride of the Mediterranean”—in northern Egypt. Historically, it served as the headquarters of the Pope of Alexandria, head of the Coptic Orthodox Church. (Note: there is also a Saint Mark’s Coptic Orthodox Cathedral in Cairo, Abbassia district, which is the current papal seat.)
This article focuses on the iconic cathedral of Saint Mark in Alexandria, a cornerstone of Christian history and a key Alexandria attraction.
When Was Saint Mark’s Cathedral Founded?
Tradition holds that Saint Mark founded the first church on this site around 60–62 AD, and resided in Alexandria for about seven years. It is widely regarded as the first house church in Egypt and Africa—known historically as “Baucalia”—located in the heart of ancient Alexandria.
Early Christian worship in Egypt often began in house churches; this site is associated with the earliest gatherings and the spread of Christian teachings across the region.
Who Is Saint Mark?
Saint Mark the Evangelist—founder of the Coptic Church in Egypt
Saint Mark the Evangelist is among Christianity’s earliest saints and the traditional author of the Gospel of Mark. He is said to have arrived in Egypt around sixty years after the birth of Christ, preaching the faith, performing miracles, and establishing the Egyptian Church before his martyrdom.
Tradition relates that Saint Mark was buried beneath the church he founded. His body was later taken to Venice in 828 AD, while his head remained in Egypt and is associated with papal liturgical traditions to this day.
The Cathedral Through the Centuries
Over many centuries, Saint Mark’s Coptic Orthodox Cathedral endured vandalism, demolition, and reconstruction multiple times. It was expanded in 321 AD under Pope Archelaus (18th Patriarch), and suffered heavy damage during the Arab conquest in 641 AD. Pope John Samnoudi (40th Patriarch) rebuilt it in 644 AD.
In 828 AD, Saint Mark’s body was taken to Venice, while the head remained in Alexandria. During later periods—including the Crusades (1219 AD) and the Ayyubid era—the church again faced demolition and rebuilding due to its strategic location.
Historic Saint Mark’s Cathedral—rebuilt several times across centuries
During the French campaign (1798 AD), both the church and a facing synagogue were demolished for fear of military use. Later decrees and patronage enabled rebuilding and expansion in the 19th and 20th centuries.
Modern Cathedral: Rebuilding & Current Design
Interior of the modern cathedral—nave, dome, and Byzantine-style iconostasis
A major reconstruction took place in the early 19th century, with further works leading to the current cathedral inaugurated in 1952 using reinforced concrete. The design features a large central nave under a prominent dome, supported by columns, with an elegant Byzantine-style iconostasis carrying more than thirty icons.
The modern church includes three altars (Saint Mark, Archangel Michael, and Saint George) and two strengthened bell towers. In 1990, the complex was expanded to accommodate increasing congregations.
Visiting Saint Mark’s Cathedral
Best Time: Cooler months (Oct–Apr) are most comfortable; mornings and late afternoons are pleasant year-round.
Dress & Etiquette: Modest clothing is recommended; respect worship times and avoid flash photography inside.
How to Get There: Short taxi rides from central Alexandria/Corniche. Combine with nearby sights like the Library of Alexandria and downtown heritage streets.
Tip: Check on-site notices for visiting hours or liturgical services before you go.
Saint Mark’s Coptic Orthodox Cathedral Nearby Attractions
Montaza Palace & Gardens – Royal palace complex and lush seaside gardens east of the city center.
Visit Saint Mark’s Cathedral with Our Tour Packages
Want to explore Saint Mark’s Coptic Orthodox Cathedral in Alexandria as part of your Egypt journey?
With Egypt Tours Group, you can include this historic landmark — or any attraction you choose — in one of our customizable tour packages.
Whether it’s a day trip in Alexandria, a Cairo & Alexandria combo tour, or a multi-day Egypt itinerary, we’ll tailor the experience so you don’t miss this iconic cathedral.
Saint Mark’s Cathedral: FAQs
Is this the oldest church in Egypt and Africa?
Yes. Tradition recognizes Saint Mark’s church in Alexandria as the oldest church in Egypt and Africa, founded in the first century AD.
Can visitors enter the cathedral?
Visitors are generally welcome outside liturgical services. Modest attire and respectful behavior are required; check on-site notices for hours.
What is the difference between Alexandria and Cairo cathedrals?
Alexandria’s cathedral is the historic seat founded by Saint Mark; Cairo’s (Abbassia) is the current papal seat and administrative center of the Coptic Church.
How do I reach the cathedral from central Alexandria?
Taxis are the easiest option; rides are short from the Corniche or downtown. Combine your visit with nearby heritage sites and the Library of Alexandria.
